Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium GAD1 / GAD67 (GABAergic Neuronal Marker) (GAD1/2563), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of 67 kDa, which is identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 (GDA1). There are two forms of glutamic acid decarboxylases (GADs) that are found in the brain: GAD65 (also known as GAD2) and GAD67 (also known as GAD1. GAD65 and GAD67 are members of the group II decarboxylase family of proteins and are responsible for catalyzing the rate-limiting step in the production of GABA (ÃŽ³-aminobutyric acid) from L-glutamic acid. Although both GAD s are found in the brain, GAD65 localizes to synaptic vesicle membranes in nerve terminals, while GAD67 is distributed throughout the cell. GAD67 is responsible for the basal levels of GABA synthesis. In the case of a heightened demand for GABA in neurotransmission, GAD65 will transiently activate to assist in GABA production. The loss of GAD65 is detrimental and can impair GABA neurotransmission, however the loss of GAD67 is lethal.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF
Biotium BOB.1 (B-Cell Marker) (BOB1/2424), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
BOB-1 is a transcriptional coactivator that specifically associates with either POU2F1/OCT1 or POU2F2/OCT2, boosting the promoter activity of those complexes. It is essential for the response of B-cells to antigens, required for the formation of germinal centers, and regilates IL-6 expression. BOB-1 expression in a variety of established B-cell lines, representing different stages of B-cell development, has suggested a constitutive, B-cell-specific expression pattern. LP cells in nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, because they are germinal center-derived, are consistently immuno-positive for BOB-1. Conversely, only some cases of classical Hodgkin lymphoma show BOB-1 immuno-reactivity within the Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. Expression of BOB-1 has been reported in follicular center cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and some cases of acute myeloid leukemia. B-CLL, marginal zone lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma may show weak to moderate immunoreactivit
Biotium YBX1 / Y-box Binding Protein 1 / YB-1 (Tumor Biomarker)(YBX1/2430), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The specificity of this monoclonal antibody to its intended target was validated by HuProt™ Array, containing more than 19,000 full-length human proteins. Y-box binding protein-1 (YBX1) is the prototypic member of the cold shock protein family that fulfills numerous cellular functions. In the nucleus, YBX1 protein orchestrates transcription of proliferation-related genes, whereas in the cytoplasm it associates with mRNA and directs translation. In human tumor entities, such as breast, lung and prostate cancer, cellular YBX1 expression indicates poor clinical outcome, suggesting that YBX1 is an attractive marker to predict patients' prognosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence an
Biotium CD81 / TAPA-1 (C81/2885R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 26 kDa, identified as CD81 (Workshop VI; Code CD81.1). CD81 has a very broad cellular distribution, being expressed on T- and B-lymphocytes, NK cells, thymocytes, eosinophils, fibroblasts, epithelial and endothelial cells. Neutrophils, erythrocytes and platelets are negative, while monocytes are variably positive. CD81 is a member of a family of tetraspanin transmembrane proteins, including CD9, CD37, CD53, CD63, and CD82. It associates with CD19, CD21, Leu 13, and integrins on cell membrane and is involved in signal transduction in B lymphocyte development and cell adhesion. CD81 also acts as a receptor for the envelope protein E2 of chronic hepatitis C virus. Antibodies to CD81 have anti-proliferative effects on different lymphoid cell lines, particularly those derived from large cell lymphomas.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness an
Biotium Galectin-1 / Human Placental Lactogen (hPL) (GAL1/2499R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Galectin-1 is a member of the beta-galactoside-binding family and is a dimeric protein of 14 kD participating in a variety of normal and pathological processes, including cancer progression. Galectin-1 can affect the proliferation of normal and malignant cells. Inhibition of cell growth is observed in a lactose-dependent manner as lower concentrations of the lectin stimulate cell proliferation. Galectin-1 may also be implicated in the induction of apoptosis of activated T cells through the binding of exogenous galectin-1 to CD45 molecules present on the surface of lymphocytes. Galectin-1, reported to be present either at the surface of cancer cells or accumulated around these cells could act as an immunological shield to protect against a T cell immune response and provide an advantage for survival.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of b
Biotium NGF-Receptor (p75) / CD271 (Soft Tissue Tumor Marker) (NGFR/2550R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a glycoprotein of 75 kDa, identified as low affinity Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Receptor (p75NGFR) or Neurotrophin Receptor (p75NTR). NGFR is expressed in various neural crest cells and their tumors such as melanocytes, melanomas, neuroblastomas, pheochromocytomas and neurofibromas. Reportedly, anti-NGFR is a reliable marker for desmoplastic and neurotropic melanomas. NGFR is expressed in mature non-neural cells such as perivascular cells, dental pulp cells, lymphoidal follicular dendritic cells, basal epithelium of oral mucosa and hair follicles, prostate basal cells, and myoepithelial cells. Anti-NGFR stains the myoepithelial cells of breast ducts and intra-lobular fibroblasts of breast ducts.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detectin
Biotium CD50 / ICAM3(ICAM3/2873R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes the D1 domain of an N-glycosylated glycoprotein of 120 kDa with intra-chain disulfide bonds, identified as CD50 or ICAM-3 (Leucocyte Workshop VI). CD50 is the major ligand for LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and may have signaling role to increase adhesion. It is expressed on thymocytes and T lymphocytes and is resistant to treatment with phosphatidylinositol (PI) phospholipase C. This MAb is excellent for staining of formalin/paraffin tissues. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium CD45RB (B-Cell Marker) (PTPRC/2877R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD45R, also designated CD45 and PTPRC, has been identified as a transmembrane glycoprotein, broadly expressed among hematopoietic cells. Multiple isoforms of CD45R are distributed throughout the immune system according to cell type. These isoforms arise because of alternative splicing of exons 4, 5, and 6. The corresponding protein domains are characterized by the binding of monoclonal antibodies specific for CD45RA (exon 4), CD45RB (exon 5), CD45RC (exon 6) and CD45RO (exons 4 to 6 spliced out). The variation in these isoforms is localized to the extracellular domain of CD45R, while the intracellular domain is conserved. CD45RB is expressed on mature B-lymphocytes and the majority of lymphomas and leukemias of B-cell origin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detec
Biotium Human IgM (Immunoglobulin Mu Heavy Chain) (B-Cell Marker)(rIGHM/2558), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 75 kDa, identified as mu heavy chain of human immunoglobulins. It does not cross-react with alpha (IgA), gamma (IgG), epsilon (IgE), or delta (IgD), heavy chains, T-cells, monocytes, granulocytes, or erythrocytes. Monomeric IgM is expressed as a membrane bound antibody on the surface of B cells and as a pentamer when secreted by plasma cells. IgM antibody is prominent in early immune responses to most antigens. Aberrant levels are associated with immune deficiency states, hereditary deficiencies, myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, chronic infection and hepatocellular disease. This MAb is useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The most common feature of these malignancies is the restricted expression of a single heavy chain class. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is clonal and therefore malignant. Primary antibodies are available purified, or w
Biotium YBX1 / Y-box Binding Protein 1 / YB-1 (Tumor Biomarker)(rYBX1/2430), 0.2mg/mL
The specificity of this monoclonal antibody to its intended target was validated by HuProt™ Array, containing more than 19,000 full-length human proteins. Y-box binding protein-1 (YBX1) is the prototypic member of the cold shock protein family that fulfills numerous cellular functions. In the nucleus, YBX1 protein orchestrates transcription of proliferation-related genes, whereas in the cytoplasm it associates with mRNA and directs translation. In human tumor entities, such as breast, lung and prostate cancer, cellular YBX1 expression indicates poor clinical outcome, suggesting that YBX1 is an attractive marker to predict patients' prognosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence an
Biotium CD11c (Dendritic Cell Marker) (ITGAX/2507), 0.2mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 145 kDa, identified as CD11c. CD11c (ITGAX), a member of the leukointegrin family, shares the same beta subunit with other members of the leukocyte adhesion molecule family, which includes CD11a (LFA-1), CD11b (MAC-1) and CD11d (ITGAD), but has a unique alpha chain. CD11c has been shown to play a role in phagocytosis, cell migration, and cytokine production by monocytes/macrophages as well as induction of T-cell proliferation by Langerhans cells. CD11c is expressed prominently on the plasma membranes of monocytes, tissue macrophages, NK cells, and most dendritic cells (DCs). A lower level of expression is also observed on neutrophils as a result of its high level of expression on most DCs. An antibody to CD11c may aid in identification of lesions with histiocytic origin. It may also been used as a marker for hairy cell leukemia in paraffin-embedded tissues.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes a
Biotium Vinculin (Marker of Age-related Macular Degeneration)(VCL/2573), 0.2mg/mL
Focal adhesions are identified as areas within the plasma membrane of tissue culture cells that adhere tightly to the underlying substrate. In vivo, these regions are involved in the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. Paxillin and vinculin are cytoskeletal, focal adhesion proteins that are components of a protein complex which links the Actin network to the plasma membrane. Vinculin binding sites have been identified on other cytoskeletal proteins, including talin and alpha-actinin each contain actin binding sites. Reportedly, vinculin is a potential plasma biomarker for Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). The early detection of AMD using novel plasma biomarkers with genetic modeling may enable timely treatment and vision preservation in the elderly. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF
Biotium Ki-67 (Proliferating Cell Marker) (MKI67/2462), 0.2mg/mL
Ki-67 antigen is a nuclear, non-histone protein that is present in all stages of the cell cycle except G0. This characteristic makes Ki-67 an excellent marker for proliferating cells and is commonly used as one of the prognostic factors in cancer studies. A correlation has been demonstrated between Ki-67 index and the histo-pathological grade of neoplasms. Assessment of Ki-67 expression in renal and ureter tumors shows a correlation between tumor proliferation and disease progression, thus making it possible to differentiate high-risk patients. Ki-67 expression may also prove to be important for distinguishing between malignant and benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Ki-67 labeling index has been shown to be a prognostic marker in a number of neoplasms including grade II astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, colon carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. In general, Ki-67 is a good marker of proliferating cell populations.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of
Biotium Vinculin (Marker of Age-related Macular Degeneration)(VCL/2575), 0.2mg/mL
Focal adhesions are identified as areas within the plasma membrane of tissue culture cells that adhere tightly to the underlying substrate. In vivo, these regions are involved in the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. Paxillin and vinculin are cytoskeletal, focal adhesion proteins that are components of a protein complex which links the Actin network to the plasma membrane. Vinculin binding sites have been identified on other cytoskeletal proteins, including talin and alpha-actinin each contain actin binding sites. Reportedly, vinculin is a potential plasma biomarker for Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). The early detection of AMD using novel plasma biomarkers with genetic modeling may enable timely treatment and vision preservation in the elderly. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF
Biotium BOB.1 (B-Cell Marker) (BOB1/2424), 0.2mg/mL
BOB-1 is a transcriptional coactivator that specifically associates with either POU2F1/OCT1 or POU2F2/OCT2, boosting the promoter activity of those complexes. It is essential for the response of B-cells to antigens, required for the formation of germinal centers, and regilates IL-6 expression. BOB-1 expression in a variety of established B-cell lines, representing different stages of B-cell development, has suggested a constitutive, B-cell-specific expression pattern. LP cells in nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, because they are germinal center-derived, are consistently immuno-positive for BOB-1. Conversely, only some cases of classical Hodgkin lymphoma show BOB-1 immuno-reactivity within the Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. Expression of BOB-1 has been reported in follicular center cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and some cases of acute myeloid leukemia. B-CLL, marginal zone lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma may show weak to moderate immunoreactivit